Overview of the events of 1895 in science
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The year 1895 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Astronomy and space sciences
Biology
Chemistry
Climatology
Ecology
- Eugen Warming publishes Plantesamfund (translated as Oecology of Plants, 1909) and founds the scientific discipline ecology.
- The first international meeting for the protection of birds is held in Paris.[11]
Mathematics
Medicine
Physics
Psychiatry
Technology
Other events
Awards
Births
- January 11 – Laurens Hammond (died 1973), American inventor.
- January 15 – Artturi Ilmari Virtanen (died 1973), Finnish winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
- May 8 – Lionel Whitby (died 1956), English haematologist, clinical pathologist, pharmacologist and army officer.
- May 20 – R. J. Mitchell (died 1937), English aeronautical engineer.
- May 31 – Asatour Sarafian, later Oscar H. Banker (died 1979), Armenian American inventor.
- June 29 – Dorothy Stuart Russell (died 1983), Australian-born British pathologist
- October 19 – Lewis Mumford (died 1990), American historian & philosopher of science.
- October 22 – Rolf Nevanlinna (died 1980), Finnish mathematician.
- October 23 – Hans Ferdinand Mayer (died 1980), German physicist.
- October 30
- December 2 – W. Conway Pierce (died 1974), American chemist.
- December 24 – Marguerite Williams (died 1991?), African American geologist.
Deaths
- January 26 – Arthur Cayley (born 1821), English mathematician.
- April 11 – Lothar Meyer (born 1830), German chemist.
- May 5 – Carl Vogt (born 1817), German scientist who published notable works in zoology, geology and physiology.
- June 29 – Sir Thomas Henry Huxley (born 1825), English biologist.
- August 10 – Felix Hoppe-Seyler (born 1825), German physiologist.
- August 26 – Friedrich Miescher (born 1844), Swiss biochemist.
- September 24 – Hermann Hellriegel (born 1831), German agricultural chemist who discovered the mechanism by which leguminous plants assimilate the free nitrogen of the atmosphere.
- September 28 – Louis Pasteur (born 1822), French biologist.
- December 27 – Eivind Astrup (born 1871), Norwegian Arctic explorer.
References
- ^ "Gov. Morton Signs the Bill Providing for a Zoological Garden in This City". The Sun. April 27, 1895. p. 7. Retrieved January 20, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Bruce, David (1895). Preliminary Report on Tsetse Fly Disease or Nagana in Zululand. Durban, South Africa: Bennet & Davis. OCLC 14776707 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Duggan, A. J. (1977). "Bruce and the African Trypanosomes". The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 26 (5 Pt 2 Suppl): 1080–3. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1977.26.1080. PMID 20787.
- ^ Brandt, L W (1968). "Helium". In Hampel, Clifford A. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. pp. 256–7. ISBN 0-442-15598-0 – via Open Library.
- ^ Munday P (1999). "Hillebrand, William Francis (12 Dec. 1853–7 Feb. 1925)". In Garrary JA, Carnes MC (eds.). American National Biography. Vol. 10. Oxford University Press. p. 808 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Ramsay, William (1895). "On a Gas Showing the Spectrum of Helium, the Reputed Cause of D3, one of the lines in the Coronal Spectrum. Preliminary Note". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 58 (1): 65–67. doi:10.1098/rspl.1895.0006.
- ^ Emsley, John (2001). "Helium". Nature's Building Blocks (2002 reprint ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 177. ISBN 0-19-850341-5 – via Open Library.
- ^ Langlet, N. A. (1895). "Über das Atomgewicht des Heliums" [About the atomic weight of helium]. Zeitschrift für Anorganische Chemie (in German). 10 (1): 289–292. doi:10.1002/zaac.18950100130 – via Zenodo.
- ^ Fischer, Emil; Speier, Arthur (December 1895). "Darstellung der Ester" [Representation of the Esters]. Chemische Berichte. 28 (3): 3252–3258. doi:10.1002/cber.189502803176.
- ^ "On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air Upon The Temperature of the Ground". The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. April 1896.
- ^ "The Endangered Species Act – History Of Species Protection". Science Encyclopedia. Library Index. Archived from the original on 2013-07-01. Retrieved 2012-11-18.
- ^ Korteweg, D. J.; de Vries, G. (1895). "On the Change of Form of Long Waves Advancing in a Rectangular Canal, and on a New Type of Long Stationary Waves". The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science. 39 (240): 422–443. doi:10.1080/14786449508620739.
- ^ Cantor, Georg (1895). "Beiträge zur Begründung der transfiniten Mengenlehre (1)". Mathematische Annalen. 46 (4): 481–512. doi:10.1007/bf02124929. S2CID 177801164. Archived from the original on 2014-04-23.
- ^ Poincaré, Henri (1895). "Analysis situs". Journal de l'École Polytechnique. (2). 1. Paris: 1–123.
- ^ "Report 12 of the Council on Scientific Affairs (A-97)". American Medical Association. 1997. Archived from the original on 2009-06-14.
- ^ "Popov's Contribution to the Development of Wireless Communication, 1895". IEEE Global History Network. Milestones. IEEE. Retrieved 2013-02-23.
- ^ Röntgen, W. (December 1895). "Eine neue Art von Strahlen". Sityzungs-Berichteder Physikalisch-medicinisch Gesellschaft zu Würzburg (9).
- ^ Chardère, B.; Borgé, G.; Borgé, M. (1985). Les Lumière (in French). Paris: Bibliothèque des Arts. p. 71. ISBN 2-85047-068-6.
- ^ "New "L" Road Opens". Chicago Daily Tribune. 1895-05-07. p. 12.
- ^ "Cermak Road Bridge District" (PDF). City of Chicago. 2003. p. 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 31, 2012. Retrieved 2012-02-09.
- ^ Tschöke, Helmut; Mollenhauer, Klaus; Maier, Rudolf, eds. (2018). Handbuch Dieselmotoren (8th ed.). Wiesbaden: Springer. p. 6. ISBN 978-3-658-07696-2.
- ^ Curry, Roger (2021). Engines of Change. p. 217.
- ^ "Electrical Bicycle". Google Patents. 1895. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
- ^ Morchin, William C.; Oman, Henry (2006). Electric Bicycles. Hoboken: Wiley. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-471-67419-1.
- ^ File:The Engineering and Mining Journal 1897-12-18- Vol 64 Iss 25 (IA sim engineering-and-mining-journal 1897-12-18 64 25).pdf
- ^ "Copley Medal | British scientific award". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 July 2020.