Abhiraka
Abhiraka | |
---|---|
Khaharatasa Khatrapasa | |
The coinage of Abhiraka is similar to the coinage of Bhumaka, except it has on the obverse a winged Nike with Greek legend 'CATRAPATOY CATRAฮ OY AYBIPAKOY" ("Abhiraka, Satrap of the Satraps"). The reverse, with a lion or a horse facing a wheel, with Brahmi or Kharoshthi legend, is identical in design. Photograph from the Indian Institute for Research in Numismatic Studies.[1] | |
Reign | Circa 30 CE |
Successor | Bhumaka |
Abhiraka (Greek: AYBIPAKOY, Brahmi: ๐ ๐ช๐บ๐ญ๐ Abhiraka), also Aubheraka, Aubhirakes, or formerly Aghudaka, was an Abhira King and a member of the Kshaharata dynasty of the Western Satraps circa 30 CE. He was the father of Bhumaka, and the grandfather of Nahapana.[2][3][4][5][6]
He is known through his coins, which are found in the northern Pakistan area of Chukhsa, and then later in the south, suggesting a southern migration at some point, possibly in search for trade. His coins have been found in Afghanistan and as far as Arab states of the Persian Gulf.[7][6] The coinage, reminiscent of the coinage of the Indo-Greeks, has on the obverse a winged Nike with Greek legend "CATRAPATOY CATRAฮ OY AYBIPAKOY" ("Abhiraka, Satrap of the Satraps"), and the reverse shows a lion or a horse facing a wheel, with Brahmi or Kharoshthi legend around Khaharatasa Khatrapasa Abhirakasa jayatasa Abhirakasa" ("The Khsaharata Satrap Abhiraka, victory to Abhiraka").[1]
"Abhiraka" may also mean "member of the tribe of the Abhiras",[8] and a connection between "Abhiraka" and the tribe of the Abhiras has also been proposed.[9]
Notes
- ^ a b Dev Kumar, Jhanjh (30 December 2021). Art and History: Texts, Contexts and Visual Representations in Ancient and Early Medieval India. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 21โ22, with coin image. ISBN 978-93-89611-89-2.
- ^ Society, Bihar Research (1954). The Journal of the Bihar Research Society. Bihar Research Society. p. 254.
- ^ Parishad, Bihar Purฤvid (1992). The Journal of the Bihar Purฤvid Parishad. Bihar Puravid Parishad. p. 109.
- ^ Indian Culture: Journal of the Indian Research Institute. Satis Chandra Seal. 1935. p. 16.
- ^ Salomon, Richard; Willis, Michael; Cribb, Joe; Shaw, Julia (2004). Buddhist Reliquaries from Ancient India. p. 39.
Page 39: "Western Satraps: A convenient and useful point of entry for a discussion of chronology is provided by the coin finds and hoards which show that there were two series of rulers who called themselves or (satrap or great satrap). One series consisted of three rulers: Aubheraka, Bhumaka and Nahapana (fig. 16).2 They used the family name Khshaharta" Date on page 44. Name "Aghudaka" on page 51, note 2
- ^ a b Cribb, Joe; Mairs (Ed.), Rachel (29 November 2020). The Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek World. Routledge. pp. 657โ658. ISBN 978-1-351-61028-5.
- ^ R.C. Senior, p.v
- ^ Ghosh, Manomohan (1975). Glimpses of Sexual Life in Nanda-Maurya India: Translation of the Caturbhฤแนฤซ, Together with a Critical Edition of Text. Manisha Granthalaya, 1975. p. 170.
- ^ Dev Kumar, Jhanjh (30 December 2021). Art and History: Texts, Contexts and Visual Representations in Ancient and Early Medieval India. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 23. ISBN 978-93-89611-89-2.
References
- R.C. Senior, "Indo-Scythian coins and history", Volume IV.
Preceded by Higaraka | Western Satrap 100 CE | Succeeded by Bhumaka |
- v
- t
- e
- Abhiraka (1st c. CE)
- Bhumaka (?โ119)
- Nahapana (119โ124)
- Chastana (c. 78-130)
- Jayadaman (c. 130)
- Rudradaman I (c. 130โ150)
- Damajadasri I (170โ175)
- Jivadaman (178-181)
- Rudrasimha I (180โ188)
- Rudrasimha I (restored) (191โ197)
- Satyadaman (197-198)
- Jivadaman (restored) (197โ199)
- Rudrasena I (200โ222)
- Prthivisena (222)
- Samghadaman (222โ223)
- Damasena (223โ232)
- Damajadasri II (232โ239)
- Viradaman (234โ238)
- Isvaradatta (236โ239)
- Yasodaman I (239)
- Vijayasena (239โ250)
- Damajadasri III (251โ255)
- Rudrasena II (255โ277)
- Visvasimha (277โ282)
- Bhartrdaman (282โ295)
- Visvasena (293โ304)
- Rudrasimha II (304โ348)
- Yasodaman II (317โ332)
- Rudradaman II (332โ348)
- Rudrasena III (348โ378)
- Simhasena (380โ385)
- Rudrasena IV (383โ384)
- Rudrasimha III (388โ415)
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