Crawlerway
United States historic place
Crawlerway | |
 Aerial view of Launch Complex 39. The Crawlerway is the pathway between the Vehicle Assembly Building and Pads 39A and 39B. | |
28°36′13″N 80°37′39″W / 28.60361°N 80.62750°W / 28.60361; -80.62750 | |
| Built | 1964 |
|---|---|
| MPS | John F. Kennedy Space Center MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 99001641[1] |
| Added to NRHP | January 21, 2000 |
The Crawlerway is a 130-foot-wide (40 m)[2] double pathway at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. It runs between the Vehicle Assembly Building and the two launch pads at Launch Complex 39. It has a length of 3.4 and 4.2 miles (5.5 and 6.8 km) to Pad 39A and Pad 39B, respectively. A seven-foot (2 m) bed of stones lies beneath a layer of asphalt and a surface made of Alabama river rocks.
The Crawlerway was originally designed to support the weight of the Saturn V rocket and its payload, plus the Launch Umbilical Tower and mobile launcher platform, atop a crawler-transporter during the Apollo program. It was also used from 1981 to 2011 to transport the lighter Space Shuttles to their launch pads.
Construction of the Crawlerway connected Merritt Island with the mainland, forming a peninsula. The main vehicle access road to and from the launch pads, the Saturn Causeway, runs alongside the Crawlerway.
Construction
The Crawlerway is composed of two 40-foot-wide (12 m) lanes, separated by a 50-foot (15 m) median. The top layer is Alabama river rock, 4 inches (10 cm) thick on the straight sections and 8 inches (20 cm) thick on curves. Alabama river rock was chosen for many properties, including hardness, roundness, sphericity and LA abrasion test score.[3] Beneath that is 4 feet (1.2 m) of graded, crushed stone, resting on two layers of fill.[2] By 2013, a project to repair and upgrade the Crawlerway was undertaken, the first time since it was constructed that the foundation had been repaired. Additional rock was added to the surface in June 2014.[4]
Gallery
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Crawlerway under construction in December 1963 -
Apollo 14 rolls to Pad 39A in November 1970 -
The prototype Space Shuttle Enterprise begins its journey down the Crawlerway from Pad 39A to the VAB in July 1979 following a series of fit-checks -
The Space Shuttle Atlantis is moved back to the VAB in January 2001 after the launch of STS-98 was scrubbed -
Close up of Crawlerway in April 2005; originally smooth, the rocks have been crushed after many passages by the crawler-transporters
References
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ^ a b "Mobile Launcher Platform". NASA Facts. Countdown! NASA Launch Vehicles and Facilities. NASA. October 1991. PMS 018-B. Archived from the original on January 9, 2008.
- ^ Vaughan, Robert. "NASA Crawlerway Foundation and Compatibility Study". Jones Edmunds. Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ Herridge, Linda (February 22, 2013). "Upgrades Will Prepare Crawlerway for Space Launch System". NASA. Archived from the original on January 22, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
External links
Media related to Crawlerway at Wikimedia Commons
