PSEN2

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

PSEN2

Identifiers

Aliases

PSEN2, AD3L, AD4, CMD1V, PS2, STM2, presenilin 2

External IDs

OMIM: 600759 MGI: 109284 HomoloGene: 386 GeneCards: PSEN2

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)^[1]

Band	1q42.13	Start	226,870,184 bp^[1]
Band	1q42.13	End	226,927,726 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)^[2]

Band	1 H4\|1 84.19 cM	Start	180,054,569 bp^[2]
Band	1 H4\|1 84.19 cM	End	180,091,003 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

body of pancreas

skeletal muscle tissue

gastrocnemius muscle

islet of Langerhans

right adrenal gland

sural nerve

pituitary gland

anterior pituitary

left uterine tube

prostate

Top expressed in

left lobe of liver

olfactory epithelium

facial motor nucleus

iris

ankle joint

subcutaneous adipose tissue

islet of Langerhans

white adipose tissue

spleen

epithelium of stomach

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	endopeptidase activity peptidase activity protein binding hydrolase activity aspartic endopeptidase activity, intramembrane cleaving aspartic-type endopeptidase activity
Cellular component	integral component of membrane centrosome Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane Golgi membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane neuronal cell body nuclear inner membrane Z disc endoplasmic reticulum perinuclear region of cytoplasm kinetochore mitochondrial inner membrane lysosomal membrane cell cortex cell surface axon growth cone neuromuscular junction ciliary rootlet dendritic shaft membrane raft nucleus early endosome synaptic vesicle apical plasma membrane protein-containing complex synaptic membrane integral component of presynaptic membrane intracellular anatomical structure
Biological process	Notch signaling pathway intracellular signal transduction response to hypoxia ephrin receptor signaling pathway protein processing positive regulation of catalytic activity negative regulation of apoptotic process amyloid-beta metabolic process proteolysis membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis membrane protein intracellular domain proteolysis positive regulation of apoptotic process Notch receptor processing calcium ion transport amyloid precursor protein catabolic process Notch receptor processing, ligand-dependent regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


5664


19165

Ensembl


ENSG00000143801


ENSMUSG00000010609

UniProt


P49810


Q61144

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_000447 NM_012486


NM_001128605 NM_011183

RefSeq (protein)


NP_000438 NP_036618


NP_001122077 NP_035313

Location (UCSC)

Chr 1: 226.87 – 226.93 Mb

Chr 1: 180.05 – 180.09 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Presenilin-2 is a protein that (in humans) is encoded by the PSEN2 gene.^[5]

Function

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1; PSEN2) or the amyloid precursor protein (APP). These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains). Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either directly regulate gamma-secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Two alternative transcripts of PSEN2 have been identified.^[6]

In melanocytic cells PSEN2 gene expression may be regulated by MITF.^[7]

Interactions

PSEN2 has been shown to interact with:

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000143801 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000010609 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Levy-Lahad E, Wasco W, Poorkaj P, Romano DM, Oshima J, Pettingell WH, Yu CE, Jondro PD, Schmidt SD, Wang K (September 1995). "Candidate gene for the chromosome 1 familial Alzheimer's disease locus". Science. 269 (5226): 973–977. Bibcode:1995Sci...269..973L. doi:10.1126/science.7638622. PMID 7638622. S2CID 27296868.
^ "Entrez Gene: PSEN2 presenilin 2 (Alzheimer disease 4)".
^ Hoek KS, Schlegel NC, Eichhoff OM, Widmer DS, Praetorius C, Einarsson SO, Valgeirsdottir S, Bergsteinsdottir K, Schepsky A, Dummer R, Steingrimsson E (2008). "Novel MITF targets identified using a two-step DNA microarray strategy". Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 21 (6): 665–676. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971.
^ Passer BJ, Pellegrini L, Vito P, Ganjei JK, D'Adamio L (August 1999). "Interaction of Alzheimer's presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 with Bcl-X(L). A potential role in modulating the threshold of cell death". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (34): 24007–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.34.24007. PMID 10446169.
^ Shinozaki K, Maruyama K, Kume H, Tomita T, Saido TC, Iwatsubo T, Obata K (May 1998). "The presenilin 2 loop domain interacts with the mu-calpain C-terminal region". Int. J. Mol. Med. 1 (5): 797–9. doi:10.3892/ijmm.1.5.797. PMID 9852298.
^ Stabler SM, Ostrowski LL, Janicki SM, Monteiro MJ (June 1999). "A myristoylated calcium-binding protein that preferentially interacts with the Alzheimer's disease presenilin 2 protein". J. Cell Biol. 145 (6): 1277–92. doi:10.1083/jcb.145.6.1277. PMC 2133148. PMID 10366599.
^ Buxbaum JD, Choi EK, Luo Y, Lilliehook C, Crowley AC, Merriam DE, Wasco W (October 1998). "Calsenilin: a calcium-binding protein that interacts with the presenilins and regulates the levels of a presenilin fragment". Nat. Med. 4 (10): 1177–81. doi:10.1038/2673. PMID 9771752. S2CID 10799492.
^ Choi EK, Zaidi NF, Miller JS, Crowley AC, Merriam DE, Lilliehook C, Buxbaum JD, Wasco W (June 2001). "Calsenilin is a substrate for caspase-3 that preferentially interacts with the familial Alzheimer's disease-associated C-terminal fragment of presenilin 2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19197–204. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008597200. PMID 11278424.
^ Tanahashi H, Tabira T (September 2000). "Alzheimer's disease-associated presenilin 2 interacts with DRAL, an LIM-domain protein". Hum. Mol. Genet. 9 (15): 2281–9. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.hmg.a018919. PMID 11001931.
^ Zhang W, Han SW, McKeel DW, Goate A, Wu JY (February 1998). "Interaction of presenilins with the filamin family of actin-binding proteins". J. Neurosci. 18 (3): 914–22. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-03-00914.1998. PMC 2042137. PMID 9437013.
^ Morohashi Y, Hatano N, Ohya S, Takikawa R, Watabiki T, Takasugi N, Imaizumi Y, Tomita T, Iwatsubo T (April 2002). "Molecular cloning and characterization of CALP/KChIP4, a novel EF-hand protein interacting with presenilin 2 and voltage-gated potassium channel subunit Kv4". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (17): 14965–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200897200. PMID 11847232.
^ Lee SF, Shah S, Li H, Yu C, Han W, Yu G (November 2002). "Mammalian APH-1 interacts with presenilin and nicastrin and is required for intramembrane proteolysis of amyloid-beta precursor protein and Notch". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (47): 45013–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208164200. PMID 12297508.
^ Yu G, Nishimura M, Arawaka S, Levitan D, Zhang L, Tandon A, Song YQ, Rogaeva E, Chen F, Kawarai T, Supala A, Levesque L, Yu H, Yang DS, Holmes E, Milman P, Liang Y, Zhang DM, Xu DH, Sato C, Rogaev E, Smith M, Janus C, Zhang Y, Aebersold R, Farrer LS, Sorbi S, Bruni A, Fraser P, St George-Hyslop P (September 2000). "Nicastrin modulates presenilin-mediated notch/glp-1 signal transduction and betaAPP processing". Nature. 407 (6800): 48–54. Bibcode:2000Natur.407...48Y. doi:10.1038/35024009. PMID 10993067. S2CID 4339220.
^ Mah AL, Perry G, Smith MA, Monteiro MJ (November 2000). "Identification of ubiquilin, a novel presenilin interactor that increases presenilin protein accumulation". J. Cell Biol. 151 (4): 847–62. doi:10.1083/jcb.151.4.847. PMC 2169435. PMID 11076969.