Adolph Menzel

Adolph von Menzel

Adolph Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel (8 Desember 1815 – 9 Februari 1905) adalah seorang seniman Realis asal Jerman yang terkenal karena gambar, etsa, dan lukisan. Bersama dengan Caspar David Friedrich, ia dianggap sebagai salah satu dari dua pelukis Jerman paling terkemuka di abad ke-19,[1] dan merupakan seniman paling sukses pada zamannya di Jerman.[2] First known as Adolph Menzel, dia dianugerahi gelar bangsawan pada tahun 1898 dan mengubah namanya menjadi Adolph von Menzel.

Biografi

Popularitasnya di negara asalnya, terutama karena lukisan sejarah miliknya, sedemikian rupa sehingga beberapa lukisan utamanya meninggalkan Jerman, karena banyak yang dengan cepat diakuisisi oleh museum di Berlin.[3] Karya grafis Menzel (dan terutama gambarnya) disebarluaskan lebih luas; ini, bersama dengan lukisan-lukisan informal yang awalnya tidak dimaksudkan untuk dipamerkan, sebagian besar menyumbang reputasi anumertanya.[2]

Meskipun ia bepergian untuk menemukan subjek untuk seninya, untuk mengunjungi pameran, dan untuk bertemu dengan seniman lain, Menzel menghabiskan sebagian besar hidupnya di Berlin, dan, meskipun banyak persahabatan, dengan pengakuannya sendiri terlepas dari orang lain.[4] Kemungkinan besar dia merasa terasing secara sosial karena alasan fisik saja—Menzel memiliki kepala yang besar, dan tingginya sekitar empat kaki enam inci.[4][5]

Galeri

  • Falcon Attacking a Pigeon, 1844
    Falcon Attacking a Pigeon, 1844
  • Building Site with Willows, 1846
    Building Site with Willows, 1846
  • Living Room with the Artist's Sister, 1847
    Living Room with the Artist's Sister, 1847
  • The Bedroom of the Artist in the Ritterstraße, 1847
    The Bedroom of the Artist in the Ritterstraße, 1847
  • Frederick the Great Playing the Flute at Sanssouci , 1852
    Frederick the Great Playing the Flute at Sanssouci , 1852
  • The Meeting of Frederick II and Joseph II in Neisse in 1769, 1857
    The Meeting of Frederick II and Joseph II in Neisse in 1769, 1857
  • Weekday in Paris, 1869
    Weekday in Paris, 1869
  • Studio Wall, 1872
    Studio Wall, 1872
  • Supper at the Ball, 1878
    Supper at the Ball, 1878
  • Fronleichnamsprozession in Hofgastein, 1880
    Fronleichnamsprozession in Hofgastein, 1880
  • At the Beer Garden, 1883
    At the Beer Garden, 1883
  • Japanese Artist at Work, 1886, graphite on paperboard, National Gallery of Art
    Japanese Artist at Work, 1886, graphite on paperboard, National Gallery of Art

Catatan

  1. ^ Fried, 11
  2. ^ a b Eisler, 559–565
  3. ^ Eisler, 559
  4. ^ a b Menzel wrote in his last will and testament: "Not only have I remained unmarried, throughout my life I have also renounced all relations with the other sex....In short, there is a lack of any kind of self-made bond between me and the outside world." Fried, 5
  5. ^ See Karl Scheffler, Adolf Menzel: Der Mensch, das Werk (Berlin: Cassirer, 1915), who is of the opinion that his short stature affected his self-esteem and whole personal life.

Daftar Pustaka

  • Karl Scheffler, Adolf Menzel: Der Mensch, das Werk. Berlin: Cassirer, 1915.
  • Elfried Bock, Adolph Menzel: Verzeichnis seines graphischen Werkes. Berlin: Amsler & Ruthardt, 1923.
  • Werner Schmidt, Adolf Menzel: Zeichnungen Verzeichnis und Erläuterungen. National-Galerie, Staatliche Museen, Berlin, 1955.
  • Ulrich Bischoff, Jens Christian Jensen, Richard Hoppe-Sailer, Wulf Schadendorf, Johann Schlick, Jürgen Schultze, Adolph Menzel: Realist – Historist – Maler des Hofes. Exhibition catalog. Schweinfurt: Weppert, 1981.
  • Gisela Hopp, Eckhard Schaar, Werner Hofmann, eds., Menzel – der Beobachter. Exhibition catalog. Munich: Prestel, 1982.
  • Jost Hermand, Adolph Menzel mit Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten (Rowohlts Monographien, vol. 361). Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1986.
  • Gisold Lammel, Adolph Menzel. Frideriziana und Wilhelmiana. Dresden: Verlag der Kunst, 1987.
  • Claude Keisch and Marie Ursula Riemann-Reyher, eds.: Adolph Menzel 1815–1905: Between Romanticism and Impressionism. London and New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996.
  • Michaela Diener, „Ein Fürst der Kunst ist uns gestorben“: Adolph von Menzels Nachruhm im Kaiserlichen Deutschland (1905–1910). Regensburg: Roderer, 1998.
  • Hubertus Kohle, Adolph Menzels Friedrichbilder: Theorie und Praxis der Geschichtsmalerei im Berlin der 1850er Jahre. Munich and Berlin: Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2001.
  • Christina Grummt, Adolph Menzel – zwischen Kunst und Konvention, die Allegorie in der Adressenkunst des 19. Jahrhunderts. Berlin: Reimer, 2001.
  • Michael Fried, Menzel's Realism: Art and Embodiment in Nineteenth-Century Berlin. London and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002.
  • Jens Christian Jensen, Adolph Menzel. Cologne: DuMont, 2003.
  • Werner Busch, Adolph Menzel: Leben und Werk. Munich: Beck, 2004.
  • Bernhard Maaz, ed., Adolph Menzel radikal real. Munich: Hirmer, 2008.
  • Werner Busch, Adolph Menzel: Auf der Suche nach der Wirklichkeit. Munich: Beck, 2015.
  • Anja Grebe, Menzel, Maler der Moderne. Berlin: Verlag Eisengold, 2015.
  • Claudia Czok, "Menzel, Adolph (Adolph Friedrich Erdmann von)", in De Gruyter: Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon: Die Bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker, vol. 89. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter, 2016, pp. 117–121.

Referensi

  • Busch-Salmen, Gabriele (2003). "Adolf Menzels 'Flötenkonzert Friedrich der Großen in Sanssouci': Ein vertrautes Gemälde, 150 Jahre nach seiner Fertigstellung neu gesehen". Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography. 28 (1–2): 127–146. ISSN 1522-7464. 
  • Eisler, Colin. Masterworks in Berlin: A City's Paintings Reunited. Bulfinch, 1996. ISBN 0-8212-1951-0
  • Fried, Michael. Menzel's Realism: Art and Embodiment in Nineteenth-Century Berlin. London and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-300-09219-9
  • Keisch, Claude, et al. Adolph Menzel 1815–1905: Between Romanticism and Impressionism. London and New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-300-06954-5
  •  Artikel ini menyertakan teks dari suatu terbitan yang sekarang berada pada ranah publik: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Menzel, Adolph Friedrich Erdmann von". Encyclopædia Britannica. 18 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 146–147. 

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Adolph von Menzel.
  • German masters of the nineteenth century: paintings and drawings from the Federal Republic of Germany, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on Adolph Menzel (no. 60–64)
  • Degas: The Artist's Mind, exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art fully available online as PDF, which contains material on Adolph Menzel (see index)
  • Adolph Menzel di Library of Congress Authorities, dengan 73 catatanue katalog
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