Antitrinitarijanizam

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    Nontrinitarijanizam (ili antitrinitarijanizam) označava monoteističke sisteme verovanja, uglavnom u okviru hrišćanstva, koji odbacuju glavnu hrišćansku doktrinu Trojstvo,[1][2] odnosno učenje da Bog predstavlja tri različite hipostaze ili osobe koje su zajedno večne, zajedno jednake i neovojivo sjedinjene u jedno biće (ousia).

    Prema crkvama koje odluke ekumenskih sabora (koncila) drže za konačne, trinitarijanizam je nepogrešivo određen na Prvom ekumenskom saboru (Nikejskom saboru) godine 325. ili na ekumenskim saborima u 4. veku,[3][4] a koji su proglasili puno božanstvo Sina,[5] te Prvog carigradskog sabora, koji je proglasio božanstvo Svetog duha.[6] Nontrinitarijanci se iz različitih razloga ne slažu sa odlukama Sabora, a to uključuje verovanje da je njihovo razumevanje Biblije važnije od simbola vere, ili da je došlo do Velike apostaze pred Sabore. Crkvene i državne vlasti u Evropi i Bliskom istoku su progonile nontrinitarijanska verovanja kao jeres od 4. do 18. vekа, a za to kao primeri služe arijanstvo,[7][8] učenje Miguela Sevreta i katari.[9] Danas nontrinitarijaci čine manjinu među hrišćanima.

    Nontrinitarijanski pogledi se široko razlikuju po pitanju prirode Boga, Isusa i Svetog duha. Različiti nontrinitarijanski pogledi, kao adopcionizam, monarhijanizam i subordinacionizam su postojali prije konačne definicije doktrine o Trojstvu na Saborima 325, 360. i 41. (Nikeja, Carigrad i Efez).[10] Nontrinitarijanstvo je kasnije obnovljeno kroz gnosticizam katara od 11. do 13. veka, u doba prosvetiteljstva u 18. veku, te kod nekih grupa tokom Drugog velikog buđenja u SAD u 19. veku.

    Suvremene nontrinitarijanske hrišćanske grupe ili denominacije uključuju hriistadelfijance, hrišćanske naučnike, Crkvu Isusa Hrista svetaca poslednjih dana (mormone), Studente biblije zore, Generalnu konferenciju prijatelja, Iglesia ni Cristo, Jehovine svedoke, Živu crkvu boga, pentekostalce jednosti, Članove internacionale Crkve boga, unitarijanske univerzalističke hrišćane, Internacionalu puta i Ujedinjenu crkvu boga. Takođe, svi ogranci judaizma su nontrinitraijanski, i smatraju Boga iz hebrejskih spisa kao jednu osobu, bez podela i više osoba u sebi. Islam smatra Isusa prorokom i poriče mu božanstvo.[11] Opisuje se kao antitrinitarijanska religija kada se uspoređuje sa hrišćanstvom ili u knjigama za zapadno čitateljstvo: islam poučava apsolutnu nedeljivost vrhovnog savremenog i transcedentnog boga (v. Bog u islamu),[12] a njegova antitrijanska priroda se vidi i nekoliko stihova Kurana koji navode da je doktrina Trojstva bogohulna.[13]

    Reference

    1. ^ „Godhead”. www.mormon.org. Приступљено 15. 1. 2017. 
    2. ^ „Trinity word not in Scripture”. carm.org. 24. 11. 2008. Архивирано из оригинала 07. 01. 2015. г. Приступљено 16. 12. 2018. 
    3. ^ Roger E. Olson, Christopher Alan Hall (Eerdmans. Olson, Roger E.; Hall, Christopher Alan (2002). The Trinity. Wm. B. Eerdmans. стр. 15. ISBN 978-0-8028-4827-7. )]
    4. ^ Roger E. Olson, The Story of Christian Theology . The Story of Christian Theology: Twenty Centuries of Tradition Reform. InterVarsity Press. 1999. стр. 173. ISBN 978-0-8308-1505-0. ]
    5. ^ Bernhard Lohse (1966). A Short History of Christian Doctrine. Fortress Press. стр. 55. ISBN 978-1-4514-0423-4. 
    6. ^ Deno John Geanakoplos (1989). Constantinople and the West: Essays on the Late Byzantine (Palaeologan) and Italian Renaissances and the Byzantine and Roman Churches. University of Wisconsin Press. стр. 152. ISBN 978-0-299-11884-6. 
    7. ^ Theodosius I | Roman emperor | Britannica.com
    8. ^ Part of an edict against Arius and his followers
    9. ^ Albigensian Crusade
    10. ^ von Harnack, Adolf (1. 3. 1894). „History of Dogma”. Приступљено 15. 6. 2007. „[In the 2nd century,] Jesus was either regarded as the man whom God hath chosen, in whom the Deity or the Spirit of God dwelt, and who, after being tested, was adopted by God and invested with dominion, (Adoptionist Christology); or Jesus was regarded as a heavenly spiritual being (the highest after God) who took flesh, and again returned to heaven after the completion of his work on earth (pneumatic Christology)” 
    11. ^ Glassé, Cyril; Smith, Huston (2003). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Rowman Altamira. стр. 239—241. ISBN 978-0-7591-0190-6. 
    12. ^ Encyclopedia of the Qur'an. Thomas, David. 2006. Volume V: Trinity.
    13. ^ Qur'an 3:79-80, 112:1-4, etc.

    Literatura

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    Spoljašnje veze

    • Five Major Problems With The Trinity 21st Century Reformation by Dan J. Gill
    • The Trinity: True or False? by James H. Broughton & Peter J Southgate
    • The Origin of the Trinity: From Paganism to Constantine Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (5. август 2014)
    • Should you believe in the Trinity? - Jehovah's Witnesses perspective
    • An investigation of the trinity of Plato and of Philo Judaeus, and of the effects which an attachment to their writings had upon the principles and reasonings of the father of the Christian church, by Caesar Morgan, Cambridge University Press, 1853.
    • Antitrinitarian Biography; or, Sketches of the lives and writings of distinguished antitrinitarians, exhibiting a view of the state of the Unitarian doctrine and worship in the principal nations of Europe, from the reformation to the close of the seventeenth century, to which is prefixed a history of Unitarianism in England during the same period, Robert Wallace, 1850.
    • A list of 70 nontrintarian translations of John 1:1 Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (29. април 2010)
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